Masonry building and method for constructing masonry building

ABSTRACT

A masonry building includes a lower horizontal member; two vertical members erected upward on the lower horizontal member; a wall body made up of a plurality of blocks connected consecutively in a lateral direction and vertical direction between the two vertical members on the lower horizontal member; and a dry-type, upper horizontal member supported by an upper end of the wall body and joined to the two vertical members.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a masonry building and a method for constructing a masonry building.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, buildings of masonry structure in which walls (structural wall) are constructed by piling up blocks such as bricks or concrete blocks have existed for a long time. In quake-prone Japan, to improve quake resistance, it has been common practice to form hollow portions in the massive material and insert reinforcing bars in the hollow portions to provide reinforcement.

Joint mortar is cast in joints on the walls to join the blocks together. In so doing, since dry bricks and concrete blocks are highly water absorbent, there is a fear that water is absorbed from the joint mortar, resulting in a failure to provide sufficient strength. This requires the operation of wetting the blocks with water in advance. Also, to prevent the joint mortar from being crushed by the weight of the blocks, it is necessary to pile the blocks by allowing time for the joint mortar to harden to some extent. Also, infilling mortar needs to be cast in the hollow portions of the blocks inserted with reinforcing bars, in order to unite the blocks with the reinforcing bars. Furthermore, top and bottom ends of the walls need to be bound by a concrete foundation or circumferential girders (girders used to connect top part of wall bodies piled up in a masonry structure; the same applies hereinafter).

As such a masonry building, a building described in Patent Literature 1 is known. The masonry building described in Patent Literature 1 includes wall bodies constructed by casting concrete in concrete blocks and circumferential girders are formed of concrete. Such a circumferential girder is formed by building formwork at the circumferential-girder location and casting concrete therein. The masonry building is reinforced by steel columns and beams.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

-   Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-316090

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

Many of conventional masonry buildings are of wet construction (construction which is completed only when materials mixed with water are applied, dried, and hardened, as in the case of concrete work or plaster work; the same applies hereinafter) as described above, making it necessary to attach and remove the formwork to form the circumferential girders and thereby presenting a problem of increased labor during construction work and an increased construction period. The steel columns and beams of the masonry building described in Patent Literature 1 are no more than reinforcement members and do not provide any contribution to solving such a problem. Thus, conventionally there has been demand to save labor during construction work and reduce the construction period.

Also, in piling up blocks such as concrete blocks in conventional masonry buildings, it is difficult to lay the blocks accurately. Therefore, if workers are not skilled, position of a block, for example, may be displaced in a thickness direction or may tilt away from an upright direction. In that case, there is a problem in that accuracy of the construction work including straightness and verticality of the wall bodies formed by the blocks will deteriorate. The steel columns and beams of the masonry building described in Patent Literature 1 are no more than reinforcement members and do not provide any contribution to solving such a problem. Thus, considerable skill is required to maintain the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of wall bodies.

An object of the present invention is to provide a masonry building which can save labor during construction work and reduce the construction period. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a masonry building which can maintain the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of wall bodies even if workers are not skilled.

Solution to Problem

A masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention comprises: a lower horizontal member; two vertical members erected upward on the lower horizontal member; a wall body made up of a plurality of blocks connected consecutively in a lateral direction and vertical direction between the two vertical members on the lower horizontal member; and a dry-type, upper horizontal member supported by an upper end of the wall body and joined to the two vertical members. Here, the lower horizontal member or upper horizontal member which corresponds to a circumferential girder may be joined to the vertical members using either of the following joining structures: a structure in which the vertical members are passed in an up-and-down direction (continuously) and ends of the lower horizontal member or upper horizontal member are joined to side faces of the vertical members (a vertical member-predominant configuration), and a structure in which the lower horizontal member or upper horizontal member is passed in a horizontal direction (continuously) and the vertical members are joined to a top face and bottom face of the circumferential girder (a circumferential girder-predominant configuration).

Also, the dry type refers to dry construction, i.e., a process which involves constructing a building by assembling factory-produced standard members or units on site without the construction work using materials mixed with water unlike concrete work or plaster work and without requiring drying or hardening (the same applies hereinafter).

In the masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention, the wall body is made up of a plurality of blocks connected consecutively in a lateral direction and vertical direction between the two vertical members on the lower horizontal member. Furthermore, the dry-type, upper horizontal member is supported by the upper end of the wall body and both ends of the upper horizontal member are joined to the two vertical members. The upper horizontal member configured in this way has functionality structurally corresponding to a circumferential girder. The use of the dry-type, upper horizontal member makes it possible to greatly reduce the wet construction required conventionally. This in turn makes it possible to save the labor during construction work and reduce the construction period.

Also, the plurality of blocks are joined together by an adhesive. When the plurality of blocks is joined together by joint mortar as is conventionally the case, it is necessary to wait until the joint mortar hardens. According to the present invention, since the plurality of blocks is joined together by an adhesive, eliminating the need for such a wait, it is possible to further reduce the construction period.

Also, in the aforementioned masonry building, grooves corresponding to side geometry of the vertical members are formed; and the blocks are positioned as the vertical members are fitted in the grooves.

Furthermore, each of the vertical members has a protruding strip running in a member axis direction of the vertical members; a groove corresponding to the protruding strip is formed in each of the blocks placed in contact with the vertical member; and the blocks are positioned as the protruding strip fits in the grooves. In the conventional masonry building, the blocks are positioned by casting mortar in the hollow portions of the blocks. According to the present invention, since the blocks are positioned as the protruding strips of the vertical members are fitted in the grooves in the blocks, the blocks can be positioned without the need to cast mortar in the conventional manner. This makes it possible to reliably and easily reduce the labor and construction period.

Also, the aforementioned masonry building includes a floor constructed from panels, wherein the panels are supported directly by the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member or supported by a floor support member fixed to the lower horizontal member or to the upper horizontal member. This configuration allows the floor to be constructed in a dry manner, making it possible to save the labor during construction work and reduce the construction period accordingly.

Also, two upper-floor vertical members are further erected on the two vertical members or on the upper horizontal member; and an upper-floor wall body of a same configuration as the wall body is formed between the two upper-floor vertical members on the upper horizontal member. Here, the lower end portions of the two upper-floor vertical members may be supported directly on the upper end portions of the two vertical members (for the lower floor), or supported on the top face of the upper horizontal member. With this configuration, upper-floor blocks are piled on the dry-type, upper horizontal member, eliminating the need to wait until wet-type materials hardens and making it possible to reduce the construction period of even a multi-floor building.

Also, the upper horizontal member is supported by an upper end face of the wall body; and a covering made of a same material as the blocks is installed on outer sides of the upper horizontal member in such a way as to be flush with the wall body. With this configuration, entire wall surfaces of the building can be finished with the same texture (texture of surface finish). This improves design quality.

A method for constructing a masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention is a method for constructing a masonry building provided with a wall body made up of a plurality of blocks laid on a lower horizontal member, the method comprising: a first step of erecting two vertical members upward on the lower horizontal member; a second step of laying end blocks each provided with a groove corresponding to side geometry of the vertical members, along the vertical members; and a third step of laying intermediate blocks with reference to the end blocks.

In the method for constructing a masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention, the end blocks each provided with a groove corresponding to the side geometry of the vertical members are laid along the vertical members. Then, since the intermediate blocks are laid with reference to the end blocks laid along the vertical members, the end blocks and intermediate blocks can easily be arrange side by side in a straight line between the two vertical members. Also, by laying the end blocks along the vertical members, vertical position of the end blocks can be established accurately and easily. Furthermore, vertical position of the intermediate blocks can also be established accurately and easily. Thus, even if workers are not skilled, the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of the wall bodies can be maintained.

Also, each of the vertical members has a protruding strip running in a member axis direction of the vertical members; and in the second step, the end blocks each provided with a groove corresponding to the protruding strip are laid along the vertical members. This method can maintain the accuracy of construction work reliably and easily.

Here, the aforementioned method for constructing a masonry building includes a step of placing the upper horizontal member on upper end portions of the two vertical members, spanning therebetween, after forming the wall body by laying the end blocks and the intermediate blocks to a predetermined height. With the construction method, since the upper horizontal member spans between the upper end portions of the two vertical members, position of the upper horizontal member can be established accurately and easily.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

One aspect of the present invention allows the labor during construction work to be saved while reducing the construction period. Also, even if workers are not skilled, the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of the wall bodies can be maintained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a masonry building according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from outside.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, magnifying and showing a part indicated by A.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the masonry building as viewed from an indoor side.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing schematic configurations of various types of block.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing schematic configurations of various types of block.

FIG. 6( a) is a diagram showing a layout of blocks in a regular wall portion as viewed from above and FIG. 6( b) is a diagram showing a layout of blocks in a wall corner as viewed from above.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view magnifying and showing a part indicated by C in FIG. 2.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing procedures for constructing the masonry building.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view continuing from FIG. 8 and showing procedures for the construction.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view continuing from Figure and 9 showing procedures for the construction.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a masonry building according to a second embodiment as viewed from the indoor side.

FIG. 12 is sectional plan view of blocks and vertical members of a masonry building according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is sectional side view of a masonry building according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 14 is sectional plan view of blocks and vertical members of a masonry building according to a fourth embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

A masonry building and method for constructing a masonry building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment as viewed from outside. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, magnifying and showing a part indicated by A. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the masonry building 1 as viewed from an indoor side. However, in FIG. 3, some blocks are omitted and individual components are shown as being separated to illustrate configuration of the present embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the masonry building 1 is a two-storied masonry house. The masonry building 1 is constructed including a continuous footing 2, vertical members 5 erected upward on the continuous footing 2, wall bodies 4 each made up of plural blocks 3 connected consecutively in a lateral direction and vertical direction on the continuous footing 2, steel-frame circumferential girders (circumferential girders made of steel; the same applies hereinafter) 6A between a first floor and a second floor; steel-frame circumferential girders 6B between the second floor and a rooftop; a first-story floor 8A, a second-story floor 8B, and a rooftop floor 8C. The masonry building 1 is an industrialized house, many of whose components are standardized and industrialized. The masonry building 1 has a plane module M (which can be set, for example, to M=455 mm). A base line (reference line for building design and building construction work; the same applies hereinafter) of the masonry building 1 is set at plural locations spaced at intervals equal to an integral multiple of the plane module M in two orthogonal directions, and a center line CL1 in a thickness direction (direction from indoor side to outdoor side) of the wall body 4 and steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B coincides with the base line (see, for example, FIG. 2).

The continuous footing (continuous foundation; the same applies hereinafter) 2, which is a reinforced concrete structure installed on the ground GD, functions as a foundation of the masonry building 1. The continuous footing 2 is made up of a part buried underground and a part rising up from the ground GD. An upper end 2 a of the rising part is configured to be planar in shape so as to allow first-floor wall bodies 4A to be mounted thereon. The continuous footing 2 is installed so as to extend in a horizontal direction along the base line set on the masonry building 1 and placed at least right under locations where the first-floor wall bodies 4A are installed. The continuous footing 2 functions as lower horizontal members for the first-floor wall bodies 4A. A dimension of the continuous footing 2 in a thickness direction is set to be larger than a dimension of the first-floor wall bodies 4A in a thickness direction (thickness dimension T of the blocks 3) to allow edges of the first-story floor 8A and the first-floor wall bodies 4A to be mounted on the continuous footing 2. Lower end portions of vertical reinforcement bars 31 are buried in the continuous footing 2, and the vertical reinforcement bars 31 protrude from the upper end 2 a of the continuous footing 2 and extend upward. Detailed description of the vertical reinforcement bars 31 will be given later.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vertical members 5 are long steel members extending in an upright direction. The vertical members 5 include first-floor vertical members 5A, second-floor vertical members 5B erected upward on the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A, and rooftop vertical members (not shown) erected upward on the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B. Plural vertical members 5 are placed at intersections of the wall bodies 4, in external wall corners, on the ends of the wall bodies 4, and the like. The plural vertical members 5 are placed by being spaced away from each other in extending directions of the continuous footing 2, steel-frame circumferential girders 6A, or steel-frame circumferential girders 6B. The center lines of the vertical members 5 coincide with the respective base lines as described above. Each vertical member 5 serves as a positioning reference in piling up plural blocks 3 and functions as a guide for the blocks 3. Between two vertical members 5 and 5 (see FIGS. 8 to 10), blocks 3 are laid along the vertical members 5 and 5, and then other blocks 3 are further arranged along the vertical members 5 and 5 with reference to the laid blocks 3, thereby securing the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of the wall body 4. In this way the vertical members 5 have the function of improving workability and construction accuracy. Note that the vertical members 5 also have the function of reinforcing the wall bodies 4 in conjunction with the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B and the like and reducing deformation of the wall bodies 4 at the time of earthquakes, thereby improving earthquake resistance. However, loads on the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B and loads on the blocks 3 on top of the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B are transmitted directly to underlying blocks 3 without the intervention of the vertical members 5, so the vertical members 5 do not have the function of transmitting vertical loads to an underlying structure unlike typical columns. The first-floor vertical members 5A, second-floor vertical members 5B, and rooftop vertical members correspond to the first-floor wall bodies 4A, second-floor wall bodies 4B, and rooftop wall bodies 4C, respectively.

A square-shaped base plate 5 b is fixed by welding to a lower end of each of the first-floor vertical members 5A and second-floor vertical members 5B while a square-shaped top plate 5 a is fixed by welding to an upper end of each of the first-floor vertical members 5A and second-floor vertical members 5B. The base plate 5 b in a lower end portion of the first-floor vertical member 5A is fixed to the continuous footing 2 with anchor bolts. The second-floor vertical member 5B is erected on the first-floor vertical member 5A as the base plate 5 b of the second-floor vertical member 5B is bolted to the top plate 5 a of the first-floor vertical member 5A. The rooftop vertical member is erected on the second-floor vertical member 5B in a similar manner. Shape of a shaft of the vertical member 5A will be described later.

The wall bodies 4 include the first-floor wall bodies 4A, second-floor wall bodies 4B, and rooftop wall bodies 4C. The first-floor wall bodies 4A, which are walls in a first-floor portion of the masonry building 1, are installed between the continuous footing 2 and steel-frame circumferential girders 6A. Lower ends 4 b of the first-floor wall bodies 4A are mounted on the upper end 2 a of the continuous footing 2 and fixed thereto while the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A are mounted on the upper ends 4 a of the first-floor wall bodies 4A and fixed thereto. The second-floor wall bodies 4B, which are walls in a second-floor portion of the masonry building 1, are installed between the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and steel-frame circumferential girders 6B. Lower ends 4 b of the second-floor wall bodies 4B are mounted on the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and fixed thereto while the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B are mounted on upper ends 4 a of the second-floor wall bodies 4B and fixed thereto. The rooftop wall bodies 4C, which make up parapets on the rooftop of the masonry building 1, are installed on the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B. Lower ends 4 b of the rooftop wall bodies 4C are mounted on the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B and fixed thereto.

The wall body 4 is made up of plural blocks 3 joined together by being connected consecutively in the lateral direction and vertical direction between two vertical members 5 and 5. The blocks 3 adjoining in the lateral direction and vertical direction are joined together by an adhesive. The adjoining blocks 3 are fixed to each other by the adhesive. Preferably, the adhesive used is such as to provide sufficient adhesive effects even if applied thinly and not to collapse even when subjected to a compressive force. For example, resin mortar can be used as the adhesive. The use of such an adhesive eliminates the need to wait until the mortar hardens unlike in the case of joint mortar used in conventional masonry structures and saves the labor of construction work.

Now, detailed configurations of the blocks 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Multiple types of blocks 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G and 3H are used in the present embodiment. The blocks 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, and 3H have been standardized by setting their longitudinal dimensions based on the plane module M. The materials of the blocks 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G and 3H are, for example, autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC), lightweight concrete, or other aerated concrete.

As shown in FIG. 4, the block 3A has a substantially rectangular solid shape and includes end faces 3 a and 3 b opposite each other in a length direction, side faces 3 c and 3 d opposite each other in a thickness direction, and a top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f opposite each other in a height direction. A length dimension of the block 3A, i.e., a dimension between the end face 3 a and end face 3 b is set to 2M, which is twice the plane module M. A thickness dimension of the block 3A, i.e., a dimension between the side face 3 c and side face 3 d is set to T. A height dimension of the block 3A, i.e., a dimension between the top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f is set, for example, to about 1 to 1.5 times the thickness dimension T although the dimension may be set to any value. Specifically, the height dimension of the block 3A is, for example, about 300 mm.

Elongated reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 are formed penetrating the block 3A from top face 3 e to bottom face 3 f. The reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 are shaped as elongated holes extending from a center line CL2 in the thickness direction toward the side face 3 c and side face 3 d. Each of the elongated reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 is shaped and sized to be axisymmetric with respect to the center line CL2. The reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 are formed at distances of M/2 and M+M/2, respectively, from the end face 3 a in the length direction. Grooves are formed in the top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f of the block 3A, extending in the length direction along the center line CL2 (see grooves 14 in FIG. 2).

A groove 3 g or 3 h is formed at both end portions of the block 3A in the length direction, extending in the height direction. Each of the grooves 3 g and 3 h includes a rectangular shallow groove 3 j slightly recessed from the end face 3 a or 3 b and provided with a predetermined width in the thickness direction and a slit-shaped deep groove 3 k further recessed deeply from the shallow groove 3 j along the center line CL2. The grooves 3 g and 3 h are bilaterally symmetrical to each other. Side faces of the vertical member 5 are fitted in the grooves 3 g and 3 h, respectively. That is, the block 3A has the grooves 3 g and 3 h corresponding to side geometries of the vertical member 5.

The length dimensions of the block 3B and block 3C are set to 2M−T/2. Specifically, the block 3B is configured by reducing the dimension in the end portion of the block 3A on the side of the end face 3 a by T/2. A groove 3 h is formed in the end portion of the block 3B on the side of the end face 3 b as in the case of the block 3A. No groove is formed in the end portion of the block 38 on the side of the end face 3 a. The rest of the configurations are similar to that of the block 3A. The block 3C is configured by reducing the dimension in the end portion of the block 3A on the side of the end face 3 b by T/2. A groove 3 g is formed in the end portion of the block 3C on the side of the end face 3 a as in the case of the block 3A. No groove is formed in the end portion of the block 3C on the side of the end face 3 b. The rest of the configurations are similar to that of the block 3A.

As shown in FIG. 5, the block 3D has a substantially rectangular solid shape and includes end faces 3 a and 3 b opposite each other in a length direction, side faces 3 c and 3 d opposite each other in a thickness direction, and a top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f opposite each other in a height direction. The length dimension of the block 3D, i.e., a dimension between the end face 3 a and end face 3 b is set to the plane module M. The thickness dimension of the block 3D, i.e., a dimension between the side face 3 c and side face 3 d is set to T as in the case of the block 3A. The height dimension of the block 3D, i.e., a dimension between the top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f is set to the same value as the height dimension of the block 3A.

An elongated reinforcing-bar insertion hole 13 is formed penetrating the block 3D from top face 3 e to bottom face 3 f. The reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 is shaped as an elongated hole extending from a center line CL2 in the thickness direction toward the side face 3 c and side face 3 d. The elongated reinforcing-bar insertion hole 13 is shaped and sized to be axisymmetric with respect to the center line CL2. The reinforcing-bar insertion hole 13 is formed at a distance of M/2 in the length direction from the end face 3 a. Grooves are formed in the top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f of the block 3D, extending in length direction along the center line CL2 (see grooves 14 in FIG. 2).

A groove 3 g or 3 h is formed at both ends of the block 3D in the length direction, extending in the height direction. Each of the grooves 3 g and 3 h includes a rectangular shallow groove 3 j slightly recessed from the end face 3 a or 3 b and provided with a predetermined width in the thickness direction and a slit-shaped deep groove 3 k further recessed deeply from the shallow groove 3 j along the center line CL2. Side faces of the vertical member 5 are fitted in the grooves 3 g and 3 h, respectively. That is, the block 3D has the grooves 3 g and 3 h corresponding to the side geometries of the vertical member 5.

The length dimensions of the block 3E and block 3F are set to M−T/2. Specifically, the block 3E is configured by reducing the dimension in the end portion of the block 3D on the side of the end face 3 a by T/2. A groove 3 h is formed in the end portion of the block 3E on the side of the end face 3 b as in the case of the block 3D. No groove is formed in the end portion of the block 3E on the side of the end face 3 a. The rest of the configuration is similar to that of the block 3D. The block 3F is configured by reducing the dimension in the end portion of the block 3D on the side of the end face 3 b by T/2. A groove 3 g is formed in the end portion of the block 3F on the side of the end face 3 a as in the case of the block 3D. No groove is formed in the end portion of the block 3F on the side of the end face 3 b. The rest of the configuration is similar to that of the block 3D.

Unlike each of the blocks 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, and 3F described above, the block 3G and block 3H are covering blocks placed along lateral ends of the wall body 4 in external wall corners (corners). The blocks 3G and 3H are elongated in shape, extending in the height direction. The length dimensions of the blocks 3G and 3H are set to T/2. The thickness dimensions of the blocks 3G and 3H, i.e., dimensions between the side face 3 c and side face 3 d are set to T as in the case of the block 3A. The height dimensions of the blocks 3G and 3H, i.e., dimensions between the top face 3 e and bottom face 3 f are set, for example, to an integral multiple of the height dimension of the block 3A. Specifically, when the height dimension of the block 3A is about 300 mm, the height dimensions of the blocks 3G and 3H are, for example, about 2700 mm, which is 9 times the height dimension of the block 3A.

A shallow groove 3 m is formed in the end portion of the block 3G on the side of the end face 3 b in the length direction, extending in the height direction. The shallow groove 3 m has a rectangular shape slightly recessed from the end face 3 b and provided with a predetermined width in the thickness direction. A shallow groove 3 n is formed in the end portion of the block 3H on the side of the end face 3 a in the length direction, extending in the height direction. The shallow groove 3 n has a rectangular shape slightly recessed from the end face 3 a and provided with a predetermined width in the thickness direction.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 to 3, by combining the blocks 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, and 3H having dimensions which are based on the plane module M as described above, the wall body 4 can be constructed using only standardized blocks (i.e., without creating blocks of special dimensions for some portions) not only for a regular wall portion which extends in a planar fashion, but also for external wall corners, internal wall corners, surroundings of window frames, and the like which are shaped irregularly.

For example, the regular wall portion can be constructed by laying the blocks 3A with a length dimension of 2M in stretcher bond. That is, the regular wall portion of the wall body 4 is constructed by laying the blocks 3A in a staggered manner by shifting each block 3A by M in the length direction such that the top face 3 e of the block 3A in a directly lower layer will be visible (see FIG. 3). Incidentally, the regular wall portion is a portion, such as an area indicated by B in FIG. 1, in which any external wall corner, internal wall corner, or window frame is not formed.

Next, a layout of the vertical members 5 and blocks 3 will be described. FIG. 6( a) is a diagram showing a layout of blocks in a regular wall portion as viewed from above and FIG. 6( b) is a diagram showing a layout of blocks in an external wall corner as viewed from above. As shown in FIGS. 6( a) and 6(b), the vertical members 5 are available in two steel beam types: a vertical member 5P whose shaft is cross-shaped in cross section and a vertical member 5Q whose shaft is T-shaped in cross section. The vertical member 5P with a cross-shaped cross section has protruding strips 50 and 50, on side faces, the protruding strips 50 running in a member axis direction of the vertical member 5P and protruding in a direction perpendicular to the member axis direction. The vertical member 5Q with a T-shaped cross section has a protruding strip 51 on a side face, the protruding strip 51 running in a member axis direction of the vertical member 5Q and protruding in a direction perpendicular to the member axis direction.

As described above, the groove 3 g or groove 3 h is formed in the block 3A or the like. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the regular wall portion is constructed by connecting the blocks 3A and 3A in a row. The vertical member 5P is fitted in the groove 3 g of one of the blocks 3A as well as in the groove 3 h of the other block 3A. More specifically, the protruding strips 50 of the vertical member 5P are fitted in the deep grooves 3 k of the blocks 3A. In other words, when the blocks 3A are connected in a row, a space having a cross-shaped cross section and extending in the height direction of the block 3A is formed by the groove 3 g and groove 3 h. The vertical member 5P is placed in this space cross-shaped in cross section. The vertical member 5P is sandwiched between the blocks 3A and 3A and contained in the wall body 4. In this way, the vertical member 5P cross-shaped in cross section can be used for the regular wall portion, for example.

Also, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the external wall corner is made up of the block 3A, block 3C orthogonal to the block 3A, and elongated block 3G bonded to an end portion of the block 3A. The vertical member 5Q is fitted in the groove 3 g of the block 3A as well as in the shallow groove 3 m of the block 3G. More specifically, the protruding strip 51 of the vertical member 5Q is fitted in the deep groove 3 k of the block 3A. In other words, when the block 3A and block 3G are connected in a row, a space having a T-shaped cross section and extending in the height direction of the block 3A is formed by the groove 3 g and shallow groove 3 m. The vertical member 5Q is placed in this space T-shaped in cross section. The vertical member 5Q is sandwiched between the block 3A and block 3G and contained in the wall body 4. In this way, the vertical member 5Q T-shaped in cross section can be used for the external wall corner, for example.

Locations where each of the vertical members 5P and 5Q is used can be set as appropriate. For example, the vertical members 5P cross-shaped in cross section may be used for corners and the like rather than the regular wall portion and the vertical member 5Q T-shaped in cross section may be used for the regular wall portion. The vertical members 5P and 5Q may be used for any of the first-floor wall bodies 4A, second-floor wall bodies 4B, and rooftop wall bodies 4C. Also, when there is no problem in terms of strength even if the deep groove 3 k is formed in corner blocks, such as when the thickness of the blocks is set to be larger than a sectional dimension of the vertical members or when the corner blocks are reinforced, the vertical members 5P cross-shaped in cross section can be used for corners.

Next, configurations of the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 7, the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B are flitch girders produced by combining two channel steel beams. The steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B have the same height dimension as the blocks 3. Note that H-section steel can also be used as the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B.

Both ends of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A are bolt-connected to the first-floor vertical members 5A and 5A (see also FIG. 10). Rectangular gusset plates 20 have been welded to a web (vertical portion) at both ends of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A, where bolt-holes 20 a for use to join the gusset plates 20 to the first-floor vertical member 5A have been formed in the gusset plates 20. On the other hand, bolt-holes 5 c for use to connect the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A have been formed in the upper end portions of the first-floor vertical member 5A. Using the bolt-holes 20 a and 5 c, the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A is joined to the first-floor vertical member 5A. The top plates 5 a of the first-floor vertical members 5A are placed in such a way as to be flush with an upper end 6 a of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A. Thus, the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A is a dry-type, upper horizontal member supported by the upper end 4 a of the first-floor wall body 4A, with both ends being joined to two first-floor vertical members 5A and 5A.

A covering 21 is fixed to an outer sides of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A in such a way as to be flush with the first-floor wall body 4A and second-floor wall body 4B. The covering 21 is shaped as a rectangular plate having the same height dimension as the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A, i.e., as the blocks 3. The covering 21 is made of the same material as the blocks 3. The covering 21 is fixed by screws 23 or the like to a base plate 22 placed on the web of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A. The covering 21 covers the entire steel-frame circumferential girder 6A in an extending direction of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A, with an outer surface of the covering 21 being exposed outside (see also FIG. 1). Thanks to the covering 21, entire wall surfaces of the building are finished with the same texture.

Floor support members 24 used to support the second-story floor 8B are fixed to the inside of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A at plural locations in the length direction (lateral direction). The floor support members 24 protrude toward the indoor side. A long floor mounting plate 26 equal in thickness to a flange of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A is fixed between each floor support member 24 and lower ends 4 b of the second-floor wall body 4B.

The steel-frame circumferential girders 6B placed between the second-floor wall bodies 4B and rooftop wall bodies 4C have a configuration similar to that of the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A. As with the configuration around the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A described above, the covering 21 and the like are installed outside the steel-frame circumferential girder 6B and the floor support members 24 and the like are installed inside the steel-frame circumferential girder 6B. For the second-floor wall bodies 4B, the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A function as lower horizontal members and the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B function as upper horizontal members. Also, for the rooftop wall bodies 4C, the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B function as lower horizontal members.

Next, configurations of the floors 8A, 8B, and 8C will be described. In the present embodiment, the floors 8A, 8B, and 8C are constructed from panels in a dry manner, respectively. The first-story floor 8A is constructed by arranging plural panels. Autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC panels; the same applies hereinafter), concrete panels, wood panels, and the like can be used as the panels. Each of the panels of the first-story floor 8A is supported by the continuous footing 2, steel-frame beams spanning the continuous footing 2, and the like.

The second-story floor 8B is constructed by arranging plural panels. ALC panels, concrete panels, wood panels, and the like can be used as the panels. Each of the panels of the second-story floor 8B is supported by the floor support members 24 via the floor mounting plates 26 as well as by steel-frame beams and the like spanning between the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A.

The rooftop floor 8C is constructed by arranging plural panels. A structural insulating material such as ALC panels can be used for the panels. Each of the panels of the rooftop floor 8C is supported by the floor support members 24 via the floor mounting plates 26 as well as by steel-frame beams and the like spanning between the steel-frame circumferential girders 6B.

The masonry building 1 is reinforced by the vertical reinforcement bars 31 and 33. Here, through-holes extending in the vertical direction have been formed in the wall bodies 4 to pass the vertical reinforcement bars 31. Also, through-holes are formed at predetermined intervals (equal to the plane module M, in this case) in the flanges of the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B to pass the vertical reinforcement bars 31. Specifically, dimensions based on the plane module M are set for every type of block 3 and the reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 are laid out using dimensions which are based on the plane module M. Thus, even if each of the blocks 3 is laid out in a staggered manner, the reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 formed in each block 3 are communicated with reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 formed in blocks 3 in the directly lower layer and reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 formed in blocks 3 in the directly upper layer. Also, the end of the vertical reinforcement bars 31 are passed through the through-holes in the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B and bound tightly by nuts or the like.

Note that a filler such as mortar or resin mortar is filled into through-holes formed by reinforcing-bar insertion holes 15 in the blocks 3 and reinforcing-bar insertion holes 27 in outer frame material, through-holes formed by the reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 in the blocks 3 and reinforcing-bar insertion holes 26 in the outer frame material, and grooves 14 in the blocks 3.

Next, an example of a construction process for the masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 8, the continuous footing 2 is formed, with the vertical reinforcement bars 31 rising therefrom, and the two first-floor vertical members 5A are erected by being spaced away from each other in extending directions of the continuous footing 2 by a predetermined distance. Here, the vertical members 5P cross-shaped in cross section are erected as the first-floor vertical members 5A. Each of the vertical members 5P is provided with the protruding strips 50 running in the member axis direction of the vertical member 5P.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the first-layer blocks 3 are laid on the upper end 2 a of the continuous footing 2. More specifically, of the first-layer blocks 3, the blocks 3 (blocks 3P located at both ends shown in FIG. 9) closest to the first-floor vertical members 5A are laid along the respective first-floor vertical members 5A. In so doing, each block 3 is laid by passing upper end portions of the rising vertical reinforcement bars 31 through the reinforcing-bar insertion holes 13 in the block 3 and then sliding the block 3 along the first-floor vertical member 5A while fitting the protruding strip 50 into the groove 3 g or groove 3 h formed in the block 3. The blocks 3 laid here are the end blocks 3P provided with the groove 3 g or groove 3 h corresponding to side geometry of the vertical member 5A. The end block 3P has long grooves corresponding to the protruding strip 50 so as to be positioned easily when laid along the first-floor vertical member 5A.

Next, with reference to the block 3 laid along the first-floor vertical member 5A, the block 3 next to the laid block 3 is placed. The block 3 placed here corresponds to an intermediate block 3Q. The intermediate block 3Q is laid such that its surface will be flush with the surface of the end block 3P.

After the blocks 3 in the first layer are laid, the blocks 3 in the second and subsequent layers are laid by a similar method. In so doing, the blocks 3 in adjacent layers are laid out in a staggered manner. Also, each block 3 is fixed with an adhesive or the like when being laid. Also, in predetermined layers, horizontal reinforcement bars 32 are placed in a lateral direction. In every layer, the blocks 3 closest to the first-floor vertical members 5A are placed first along the respective first-floor vertical members 5A, and then with reference to the block 3 laid along the first-floor vertical member 5A, the block 3 to be laid side by side with the laid block 3 is placed. This construction method secures the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of the wall bodies 4. Then, the first-story floor 8A is installed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, after the first-floor wall body 4A is formed between the first-floor vertical members 5A and 5A by laying the blocks 3 to a height right under the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A, the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A is placed on the upper end portions of the first-floor vertical members 5A and 5A, bridging the two. More specifically, the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A is mounted on the upper end 4 a of the first-floor wall body 4A and the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A is bolt-connected to the first-floor vertical members 5A via the gusset plates 20 fixed to both ends of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A. Also, the vertical reinforcement bars 31 are inserted into through-holes in the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A and bound tightly by nuts.

Next, after installing the covering 21, floor support member 24, floor mounting plates 26, and the like, the second-story floor 8B is installed. Next, the base plates 5 b of the second-floor vertical members 5B (see FIG. 3) are bolt-connected to the top plates 5 a of the first-floor vertical members 5A, thereby erecting the second-floor vertical members 5B and 5B. Next, the second-floor wall body 4B, the rooftop floor 8C, and the like are constructed between the second-floor vertical members 5B and 5B on top of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A using procedures similar to those for the first floor. Furthermore, the rooftop wall body 4C is constructed using procedures similar to those for the first and second floors.

In the masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment described above, the wall bodies 4 are each made up of plural blocks connected consecutively in the lateral direction and vertical direction between the two vertical members 5 and 5 on the continuous footing 2 or two steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B. Furthermore, the dry-type, steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B are supported on the upper end 4 a of the wall body 4A, with both ends of the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B being joined to two vertical members. Thus, the use of the dry-type, steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B greatly reduces the wet construction required conventionally, thereby saving the labor during construction work and reducing the construction period.

When plural blocks 3 are joined together by joint mortar as is conventionally the case, it is necessary to wait until the joint mortar hardens. However, the masonry building 1, in which plural blocks 3 are joined together by an adhesive, eliminates the need for such a wait, and thereby further reduces the construction period.

Also, although in the conventional masonry building, the blocks are positioned by casting mortar in the hollow portions of the blocks, the masonry building 1, in which the blocks 3 are positioned as the protruding strips 50 and 51 of the vertical members 5 are fitted in the deep grooves 3 k in the blocks, allows the blocks to be positioned without the need to cast mortar in the conventional manner. This makes it possible to reliably and easily reduce the labor and construction period.

Also, the floors 8B and 8C constructed from panels are further provided the panels of the floors 8B and 8C are supported by the floor support members 24 fixed to the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B, respectively, allowing the floors 8B and 8C to be constructed in a dry manner, and thereby saving the labor during construction work and reducing the construction period accordingly.

Also, the two second-floor vertical members 5B and 5B (or rooftop vertical members) are further erected on the two vertical members 5A and 5A (or second-floor vertical members 5B and 5B), and the second-floor wall body 4B (or rooftop wall body 4C) of the same configuration as the first-floor wall body 4A is formed between two second-floor vertical members 5B and 5B on the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A (or steel-frame circumferential girder 6B). Consequently, upper-floor blocks 3 are piled on the dry-type, steel-frame circumferential girder 6A (or steel-frame circumferential girder 6B), eliminating the need to wait until wet-type material hardens and reducing the construction period of even a multi-floor building.

Also, since coverings 21 made of the same material as the blocks 3 are installed on outer sides of the steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B in such a way as to be flush with the wall bodies 4, entire wall surfaces of the building are finished with the same texture. Also, since the vertical members 5 are contained by plural blocks 3, there is no exposure of the vertical members 5 and no resulting impairment of the appearance. This improves design quality.

With the method for constructing the masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment, the end blocks 3P provided with grooves 3 g and 3 h corresponding to the side geometry of the vertical members 5 and 5 are laid along the vertical members 5. Then, since the intermediate blocks 3Q are laid with reference to the end blocks 3P laid along the vertical members 5, the end blocks 3P and intermediate blocks 3Q can easily be arrange side by side in a straight line between the two vertical members 5 and 5. Also, by laying the end blocks 3P along the vertical members 5, vertical position of the end blocks 3P can be established accurately and easily. Furthermore, vertical position of the intermediate blocks 3Q can also be established accurately and easily. Thus, even if workers are not skilled, the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of the wall bodies 4 can be maintained.

Also, the vertical members 5 and 5 have the protruding strips 50 or 51 running in the member axis direction of the vertical members 5, and the end blocks 3P provided with the deep grooves 3 k corresponding to the protruding strips 50 and 51 are laid along the vertical members 5. This method can maintain the accuracy of construction work reliably and easily.

Also, after forming the wall body 4 by laying the end blocks 3P and intermediate blocks 3Q to a predetermined height, since the method includes a step of placing the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A on the upper end portions of the two vertical members 5 and 5, spanning therebetween, the position of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A can be established accurately and easily.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a masonry building according to a second embodiment as viewed from the indoor side. The masonry building 1A shown in FIG. 11 differs from the masonry building 1 shown in FIG. 3 in that the masonry building 1A includes a dry-type circumferential girder 60 made of a wooden material and shaped as a substantially rectangular solid instead of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A. The masonry building 1A configured in this way also achieves operation and effects similar to those of the masonry building 1 and the construction method therefor.

Besides, the present invention is not limited to the use of the vertical members 5 made of steel used in the first and second embodiments, and vertical members made of another material may be used alternatively. For example, a prism-shaped vertical member 55 made of wooden material may be used as with a masonry building 1B according to a third embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. The masonry building 1B uses blocks 3R as end blocks (see FIG. 12). A groove 56 corresponding to side geometry of the vertical member 55 is formed at an end portion of each block 3R. The vertical member 55 fits in the grooves 56. The vertical member 55 is sandwiched between the blocks 3R and 3R and contained in the wall body 4. A center line CL3 of the vertical member 55 coincides with a base line of the masonry building 1B.

As shown in FIG. 13, the masonry building 1B includes a dry-type circumferential girder 60 made of a wooden material as in the case of the masonry building 1A. The circumferential girder 60 between the first floor and second floor is installed between an upper end of a first-floor wall body 4A and a lower end of a second-floor wall body 4B, the wall bodies 4A and 4B being made up of plural blocks 3S. The circumferential girder 60 between the second floor and rooftop is mounted on an upper end face of the second-floor wall body 4B made up of plural blocks 3S.

The end of a wooden beam 61 is joined to the circumferential girder 60 with a top face of the wooden beam 61 being aligned in height (vertical position) with a top face of the circumferential girder 60. The wooden beam 61 extends toward the indoor side by intersecting the circumferential girder 60 at right angles. Plywood 62 is laid on the top faces of the circumferential girder 60 and wooden beam 61 by being fixed thereto directly. In this way, in the masonry building 1B, the plywood 62 is supported as a second-story floor board directly by the circumferential girder 60 without using a floor support member 24 or floor mounting plate 26 (see FIG. 3). Also, the plywood 63 acting as a first-story floor board is supported by sleepers 64 and joists 65. Note that in the masonry building 1B, the circumferential girder 60 is mounted on upper ends of the vertical members 55 described above. The masonry building 1B configured in this way also achieves operation and effects similar to those of the masonry building 1 and the construction method therefor.

Also, as with a masonry building according to a fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, a center line CL4 of the vertical member 55 does not always need to coincide with the base line. That is, the center line CL4 of the vertical member may be eccentric to the base line. In the case of an example shown in FIG. 14, the center line CL4 of the prism-shaped vertical member 55 and circumferential girder 60 (not shown) made of wooden material is located on the indoor side of the base line (on the right side of the wall body 4 in FIG. 14). As the prism-shaped vertical member 55 and circumferential girder 60 are positioned so as to get exposed on one face to the indoor side, drying of the vertical member 55 and circumferential girder 60 made of wooden material is facilitated, securing appropriate moisture retention. A groove 57 corresponding to the side geometry of the vertical member 55 is formed at an end portion of a block 3T, which is an end block. In this case, the groove 57 is formed in a corner of the block 3T and 3T. The vertical member 55 is fitted in the groove 57 and exposed from between the blocks 3T. A side face of the vertical member 55 and surface of the block 3T are set to be flush with each other. The masonry building configured in this way also achieves operation and effects similar to those of the masonry building 1 and the construction method therefor.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, the plural blocks 3 may be joined together by joint mortar rather than by adhesive. Also, the present invention is not limited to cases in which the vertical members 5 have protruding strips and the grooves 3 g and 3 h are formed in the blocks 3, and the vertical members 5 and blocks 3 may be fitted together using another form of male/female fitting. The vertical members may be square in cross section. The material quality and shape of the vertical members can be selected appropriately. The vertical members may have any desired cross-sectional shape.

Also, the manner in which the blocks 3 are laid and reinforcing bars are placed is not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate. Also, the configurations of the blocks 3 are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and may be changed as appropriate. Also, although a two-story masonry building has been described by way of example in the present embodiment, the present invention may be applied to one-story masonry buildings as well as to three-story or higher masonry buildings. Also, although in the embodiments, the blocks 3 are configured to be standardized components whose dimensions have been established based on the plane module M, the present invention may be applied to unstandardized masonry buildings.

Also, although the embodiments described above use the dry-type, steel-frame circumferential girders 6A and 6B, wet-type circumferential girders produced by casting concrete may be used as well. Also, the present invention is not limited to cases in which the plural blocks 3 are laid out in a staggered manner, and the blocks 3 may be laid out in a grid pattern. In that case, the end blocks 3P may be piled along the vertical members 5 and 5 to right under the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A, and then the intermediate blocks 3Q may be piled up with reference to the end blocks 3P.

Also, the placement of reinforcing bars is not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate. Also, the configurations of the blocks 3 are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and may be changed as appropriate. Also, although a two-story masonry building has been described by way of example in the present embodiment, the present invention may be applied to one-story masonry buildings as well as to three-story or higher masonry buildings. Also, although in the embodiments, the blocks 3 are configured to be standardized components whose dimensions have been established based on the plane module M, the present invention may be applied to unstandardized masonry buildings.

Also, regarding the configuration made up of the vertical members and circumferential girder of the masonry building according to the present invention, the joining structure between the vertical members and circumferential girder is not limited as long as a portal framework is formed by the vertical members and circumferential girder. That is, the joining structure between the vertical members and circumferential girder may be either of the following: a structure in which the vertical members are passed in the up-and-down direction (continuously) and the ends of the circumferential girder are joined to the side faces of the vertical members (a vertical member-predominant configuration), and a structure in which the circumferential girder is passed in the horizontal direction (continuously) and the vertical members are joined to the top face and bottom face of the circumferential girder (a circumferential girder-predominant configuration). Also, the vertical members and circumferential girder may be made of different materials: for example, vertical members made of wood and a circumferential girder made of steel may be used in combination, vertical members made of wood and a circumferential girder made of concrete may be used in combination.

Although the embodiments described above use a joining structure in which the side faces of the upper end portions of the vertical members (vertical member 5P made of steel and cross-shaped in cross section, vertical member 5Q made of steel and T-shaped in cross section, vertical member 55 made of wooden material and rectangular-shaped in cross section, or the like) are fixed to the side faces of the circumferential girder (both ends of the web of the steel-frame circumferential girder 6A or 6B made of channel section steel, H-beam steel, or the like; or circumferential girder 60 made of wooden material and substantially rectangular solid-shaped in cross section), a joining structure in which the upper end faces (upper base plates of the vertical members or prism-shaped upper end faces) of the upper end portions of vertical members are fixed to the bottom face (a lower flange of a steel-frame circumferential girder made of channel section steel, H-beam steel, or the like; or the bottom face of a circumferential girder made of wooden material and substantially rectangular solid shaped in cross section) of a circumferential girder may be used alternatively.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

One aspect of the present invention allows the labor during construction work to be saved while reducing the construction period. Also, even if workers are not skilled, the accuracy of construction work including the straightness and verticality of the wall bodies can be maintained.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

1, 1A . . . Masonry building; 2 . . . Continuous footing (lower horizontal member); 3 . . . Block; 3 g, 3 h . . . Groove; 3 k . . . Deep groove; 3P, 3R, 3T . . . End block; 3Q . . . Intermediate block; 4 . . . Wall body; 4B . . . Second-floor wall body (upper-floor wall body); 4C . . . Rooftop wall body (upper-floor wall body); 5 . . . Vertical member; 5A . . . First-floor vertical member; 5B . . . Second-floor vertical member (upper-floor vertical member); 6A, 6B . . . Steel-frame circumferential girder (upper horizontal member or lower horizontal member); 8B, 8C . . . Floor; 21 . . . Covering; 24 . . . Floor support member; 50, 51, . . . Protruding strip; 55 . . . Vertical member; 56, 57 . . . Groove 

1. A masonry building comprising: a lower horizontal member; two vertical members erected upward on the lower horizontal member; a wall body made up of a plurality of blocks connected consecutively in a lateral direction and vertical direction between the two vertical members on the lower horizontal member; and a dry-type, upper horizontal member supported by an upper end of the wall body and joined to the two vertical members.
 2. The masonry building according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of blocks is joined together by an adhesive.
 3. The masonry building according to claim 1, wherein: grooves corresponding to side geometry of the vertical members are formed; and the blocks are positioned as the vertical members are fitted in the grooves.
 4. The masonry building according to claim 1, wherein: each of the vertical members has a protruding strip running in a member axis direction of the vertical members; a groove corresponding to the protruding strip is formed in each of the blocks placed in contact with the vertical member; and the blocks are positioned as the protruding strip fits in the grooves.
 5. The masonry building according to claim 1, further comprising a floor constructed from panels, wherein the panels are supported directly by the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member or supported by a floor support member fixed to the lower horizontal member or to the upper horizontal member.
 6. The masonry building according to claim 1, wherein: two upper-floor vertical members are further erected on the two vertical members or on the upper horizontal member; and an upper-floor wall body of a same configuration as the wall body is formed between the two upper-floor vertical members on the upper horizontal member.
 7. The masonry building according to claim 1, wherein: the upper horizontal member is supported by an upper end face of the wall body; and a covering made of a same material as the blocks is installed on outer sides of the upper horizontal member in such a way as to be flush with the wall body.
 8. A method for constructing a masonry building provided with a wall body made up of a plurality of blocks laid on a lower horizontal member, the method comprising: a first step of erecting two vertical members upward on the lower horizontal member; a second step of laying end blocks each provided with a groove corresponding to side geometry of the vertical members, along the vertical members; and a third step of laying intermediate blocks with reference to the end blocks.
 9. The method for constructing a masonry building according to claim 8, wherein: each of the vertical members has a protruding strip running in a member axis direction of the vertical members; and in the second step, the end blocks each provided with a groove corresponding to the protruding strip are laid along the vertical members.
 10. The method for constructing a masonry building according to claim 8, further comprising a fourth step of placing the upper horizontal member on upper end portions of the two vertical members, spanning therebetween, after forming the wall body by laying the end blocks and the intermediate blocks to a predetermined height. 